3. Stems Pertaining to the Respiratory System.

Stems of Respiratory System.

2. Stems Pertaining to the Integumentary System.

1. Stems Pertaining to the Musculoskeletal System

1. Stems Pertaining to the Musculoskeletal.

Stems

Stems
Certain combination of stems are hard to pronounce. This is often true when a stem ends in a consonant and the word part that is added to it also begins with a consonant. This awkwardness of pronunciation makes it necessary to insert a vowel called a combining vowel. (http://www.free-ed.net)

Medical terms

Medical terms can be broken down into word parts. The three word parts that you will be concerned with are the prefix, the stem (root), and the suffix.

 The stem is the part of the word which gives the basic meaning to the term.

The part of the word which comes before the stem and modifies or augments the meaning of the stem is called the prefix.

The part of the word which comes after the stem and modifies or augments the meaning of the root word is called the suffix.(http://www.free-ed.net)

nationality adjective crossword

adjective crossword

verb crossword

wordsearch weather

Grade VIII english Test

I. Multiple Choice
1. The correct sentence is…
A. Was it go to Bandung yesterday? C. Were it go to Bandung yesterday?
B. Were it hot in Bandung yesterday? D. Was it hot in Bandung yesterday?
2. They were at the mall last week. The interrogative sentence is …
A. Were they at the mall yesterday? C. Did they at the mall yesterday?
B. Was they at the mall yesterday? D. Do the at the mall yesterday?
3. 1. First, we ordered the ticket in the ticket box.
2. Next, we checked in.
3. Finally, we got on the airplane.
4. After that, we waited in the lounge.
5. Then, we went to the airport.
The correct order is…
A. 15432 B. 15243 C. 15243 D. 15342
4. We went to Surabaya last Friday afternoon. The question for the underlined word is…
A. what did we go last Friday afternoon C. where did we go last Friday afternoon
B. what did we do last Friday afternoon D. where did go we last Friday afternoon
5. We see the rice field along the way to Surabaya. If we change the sentence into past tense, it is…
A. we seen the
For question no. 6-9
Maya Gazali
Maya Gazali was born in Palu. She grew up in a small village. She began to school when she was six years old. She went to elementary school, but she didn’t go to high school. Her family was very poor, and she had to go to work when she was thirteen years old. She worked on an assembly line in a shoe factory.
When Maya was seventeen years old, her family moved to West Java. First, they lived in Bogor, and then they moved to Bandung. When Maya arrived in Java, she wasn’t very happy. She missed her friends back in Palu and she didn’t speak like other children. She began to learn to speak like other children, and she practiced with her new friends at the factory in Bandung.
Maya also studied hard. She learned English, and after a few months she got a job as a secretary. Now Maya still studies at night, but now she studies advertising at a business school. She wants to work for an advertising company some day and write commercials.
Maya still misses her friends back home, but she communicates with them very often over the Internet. She’s very happy now, and she’s looking forward to an exciting future.
From Utami. Contextual teaching and learning. BSE
6. Every recount text has three parts; they are orientation, list of events and reorientation. Orientation of the text is shown in …
A. paragraph 1 B. paragraph 2 C. Paragraph 3 D. paragraph 4
7. How old was she when her family moved to Java?
A. 6 years old B. 13 years old C. 17 years old D. few months
8. What did she do?
A. secretary B. advertiser C. student D. worker
9. What is she studying now?
A. English B. advertising C. business D. shoes design
For question no. 10-13
One day Sandra Dewi fell sick in the middle of the English lesson. All the students did reading tasks. Suddenly Sandra Dewi vomited. All other students stopped writing. Mrs. Lidia helped her immediately. The chairman of the class sent for the school’s doctor.
In five minutes the doctor came. He examined her carefully. He examined her eyes. He felt her stomach. He listened to her heart beat. He measured her blood pressure. Then he took her temperature.
“I’m afraid she suffers from malaria. Her temperature is very high. That is why she vomited.She has a very bad cough, too. I’ll give her some pills for her malaria, some tablets for her fever, and syrup for her cough. She needs a week’s rest”, said the doctor.
From Utami. Contextual teaching and learning. BSE

10. What is the text telling you about?
A. Sandra Dewi B. English lesson C. malaria D. Sandra’s health
11. What did the students do when the accident happened?
A. writing B. reading C. tasking D. doing reading task
12. What did the doctor recommend?
A. Her temperature is very high C. She has a very bad cough, too.
B. “She needs a week’s rest” D. He examined her eyes
13. “I’m afraid she suffers from malaria. Her temperature is very high. That is why she vomited” this sentence is part of the…….text.
A. orientation B. events C. re-orientation. D. list of events

Andi (14) on a plane. It was the first time for him. A stewardess (15) him. And she also gave him food, drink, snack and candies. He thought, “How kind she is!”. Then he (16) an announcement, “Good morning ladies and gentlemen. This flight is led by Captain Ferda. It will fly at an altitude of 28.000 feet. Well, ladies and gentlemen have a pleasant flight.” Andi was so excited that he (17) his eyes to look outside at the clouds. “Wow, I am flying now.” He thought, “What an exciting experience!”
Adapted from Utami. Contextual teaching and learning. BSE
14. A. is B. be C. was D. were
15. helped B. help C. helf D. helping
16. hear B. heard C. heared D. herd
17. shut B. shoot C. shuted D. shutin
18. Mira: You look nice with that jacket!
Marni:…..!
Mira: don’t say it!
A. I am sorry B. it is ok C. thank you D. it is my fault
Edison turned into ..(19).. telegraph operator after he saved three-year-old Jimmie MacKenzie from being struck by a runaway train. Jimmie’s father, station agent J.U. MacKenzie of Mount Clemens, Michigan, was so grateful that he trained Edison as a telegraph operator. Edison’s first telegraphy job away from Port Huron was at Stratford Junction, Ontario, on the Grand Trunk Railway.
In 1866, at the age of 19, Thomas Edison moved to Louisville, Kentucky. There as ..(20).. employee of Western Union, he worked the Associated Press bureau news wire. Edison requested the night shift at work. This allowed him plenty of time to spend at his two favorite pastimes -- reading and experimenting. Eventually, the latter pre-occupation cost him his job.
One night (20) 1867, he was working with a battery when he spilt sulphuric acid onto the floor. It ran between the floorboards and onto his boss’ desk below. The next morning he was fired.
Adapted from Utami. Contextual teaching and learning. BSE
19. A. the B. a C. an D. one
20. A. the B. a C. an D. one
21. A. at B. on C. in D. of
22. It ran between the floorboards and onto his boss’ desk below (paragraph 3, line 2). The underlined pronoun refers to…
A. one night B. a battery C. sulphuric acid D. floor
23. The next morning he was fired. The underlined word has similar meaning to…
A. accepted B. shoot C. out of work D. blow
For question no. 24-27
Last weekend my friends, Dicky, Vinda and Laras and I hiked to Gunung Penanggungan. We started very early on Saturday from our village, Klandungan, and reached Oro-oro Ombo for lunch after we hiked for almost 4 hours. We continued our hike. We talked about many things along the way to the next stop. Sometimes we laughed aloud when our stories we exchanged one another seemed funny. We reached the next stop one hour later. It was a hilltop. The view from this place looked very amazing. Then we walked off down into the valley and there we camped for one night by the river in Gunung Penanggungan. I had not been there before. …(26)… Sunday we returned by a small village – Desa Pasir Wangi -- to a closest bus station. The climbing out of the valley was really hard for us but it was worth it.
Adapted from Utami. Contextual teaching and learning. BSE
24. How long did they hike to reach Oro-oro Ombo?
A. for lunch B. one hour C. four hours D. one night
25. When did they return?
A. Saturday B. Sunday C. last weekend D. Pasir Wangi
26. …(26)… Sunday we returned by a small village – Desa Pasir Wangi
A. at B. on C. in D. of
27. Did they enjoy the hike?
A. Yes, did they B. Yes, they were C. Yes, were they D. Yes, they did
28. Teacher : Did you enjoy your vacation, boys and girls?
Sandy : Yes, Sir. I..... to Singapore.
Adnan : Did you?
Sandy : Yes.
A. go B. went C. will go D. am going

For question no. 29-32
Last week my parents, sister, brother and I went to the zoo. We went there for recreation. We left at 6.00 a.m. and arrived there at 8.00 a.m. It is about a hundred kilometers to go to the zoo from my house.
There were a lot of people watching a giant snake. The snake was there for about a week. It was 9 metres long. I thought it was the biggest snake I had ever seen. After going around and watching various animals. we went home. On the way home. We stopped at the Borobudur temple for half an hour

29. which is the most suitable title for the text above….
A. Going to The Zoo C. Going to Borobudur
B. Having Recreation D. Watching a Giant Snake
30. How many people were looking at the giant snake .
A. several B. some C. a few D. many
31. How many persons did the writer go to the zoo with? .
A. two B. three C. four D. five
32. "After going around and watching various animals, we went home."(paragraph2)The italic word has the same meaning as…..
A. different B. similar C. wild D. mean
33. Dony : …..do you go fishing?
Deni : Once a week. UN SMP 2007
A. How far B. How long C. How often D. How many
for question 34









34. Why does Joshua send the card? Because ...
A. he wants to tell Ruth about his exam. C. his exam is difficult to do.
B. he wants to congratulate Ruth. D. he wants to be successful.
Read the following text and answer questions 35 to 37















35. What was amazing according to the writer of the text?
A. The location of the campsite. C. The scenery around the campsite
B. The fresh air of the mountain. D. The small river in the mountain.
36. What did the writer do on the second day of their camping activity?
A. They chatted and played guitar. C. They hiked with the other campers.
B. They had a greet and meet activity. D. They laughed and sang songs together.
37. "... we spent our time setting up the tent and exploring the surrounding area." (paragraph 2) What does the underlined word mean?
A. Travelling through to learn about it.
B. Going backward and forward to watch something.
C. Observing carefully to examine something.
D. Looking for something in surrounding area.
Read the following text and answer questions 38 to 40













38. The text merely tells us about.. ..
A. Learning English at Yos Sudarso Primary School. C. Getting prizes in learning English.
B. Learning English through fun activities. D. Getting tickets from English activities.
39. What is the main idea of paragraph three?
A. Many prizes given in the event. C. The student had fun during the game.
B. All student of the school joined the game. D. "Fun with English" is a nice program.
40. Why were there three slots for the activities?
A. There were so many activities to join. C. Student from grade 1 and 6 joined the games.
B. There were some prizes to win. D. All students of Yos Sudarso Primary School joined the games.
II. Make a suitable question for the underlined word.
1. We enjoyed this event on Thursday, 17th January 2008
2. We played many games such as matching colors, matching picture.
3. All students from grade 1 to grade 6 joined Fun with English
4. There were 3 slots for the activities
5. We had the event in our school

THE PHILOSOPHY AND SCIENCE OF NURSING

THE PHILOSOPHY AND SCIENCE OF NURSING

Jean Watson’s Biography
Margareth Jean Harman Watson lahir di Virginia barat bagian selatan dan besar di sebuah kota kecil Welch di pegunungan Appalachian. Watson memasuki sekolah menengah atas di Virginia barat dan kemudian sekolah keperawatan Lewis gale. Setelah lulus pada tahun 1961 dia menikah dengan suaminya Douglas dan pindah ke Colorado. Setelah pindah Watson melanjutkan studi keperawatannya dan lulus dari universitas Colorado. Dia memperoleh gelar sarjana muda keperawatan tahun 1964 di kampus boulder, gelar master keperawatan jiwa pada tahun 1966 dan gelar doktornya pada tahun 1973.

Sehat/Kesehatan
Watson (1985:48) menyatakan sehat sebagai unity and harmony within the mind,body and soul. It’s also associated with the degree of congruence between the self as perceived and the self as experienced, such a viewed of health focuses on the entire nature of the individual in his or her physical, social. Esthetic and moral realms-instead of just certain aspects of human behavior and physiology. Definisi tersebut mengungkap bahwa sehat merupakan kondisi yang utuh dan selaras antara badan,pikiran dan jiwa; dan ini berkaitan dengan tingkat kesesuaian antara diri yang dipersepsikan dan diri yang diwujudkan. Pandangan tentang kesehatan berfokus pada individu secara utuh meliputi hal-hal yang bersifat fisik,sosial,etis dan moral, tidak sekedar berfokus pada aspek-aspek perilaku dan fisiologi manusia semata.
Dari beberapa konsep sehat (dan sakit/illness) diatas dapat dikemukakan beberapa hal prinsip antara lain :
• Sehat menggambarkan suatu keutuhan kondisi seseorang yang sifatnya multidimensional, yang dapat berfluktuasi tergantung dari interrelasi antara faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi.
• Kondisi sehat dapat terwujud bila kebutuhan dasar manusiawinya terpenuhi.
•Kondisi sehat dapat dicapai karena adanya kemampuan seseorang untuk beradaptasi terhadap lingkungan baik internal maupun eksternal.
• Sehat tidak dapat dinyatakan sebagai suatu kondisi yang berhenti pada titik tertentu, tetapi berubah-ubah tergantung pada kapasitasnya untuk berfungsi pada lingkungan yang dinamis.
• Sehat sebagai suatu kondisi keseimbangan yang dinamis antara bentuk dan fungsi tubuh (manusia) karena keberhasilannya menyesuaikan diri terhadap pengaruh-pengaruh yang dapat mengganggu (agent,environment).
• Carative factor menurut Watson adalah mencoba menghargai dimensi manusia dalam perawatan dan pengalaman-pengalaman subjektif dari orang yang kita rawat.

Curative factors
Menurut Watson, caring adalah istilah keperawatan yang menggambarkan faktor-faktor yang digunakan untuk menyampaikan perawatan kesehatan kepada pasien. Watson mendasarkan teori keperawatannya pada sepuluh caratif factor yang digunakan oleh perawat untuk memberikan perawatan kepada pasien yang beragam. Curative factor menurut Watson adalah mencoba menghargai dimensi manusia dalam perawatan dan pengalaman-pengalaman subjektif dari orang yang kita rawat. Setiap curative faktor menggambarkan proses caring dari segi bagaimana seorang pasien mencapai dan mempertahankan kesehatan atau meninggal dengan damai.
Kesepuluh curative faktor itu adalah :
1. Nilai-nilai kemanusiaan dan Altruistik (Humanistic-Altruistic System Value ).
2. Keyakinan dan harapan (Faith and Hope)
3. Peka kepada diri sendiri dan kepada orang lain (Sensitivity to self and others)
4. Membantu menumbuhkan kepercayaan dan menciptakan hubungan dalam perawatan secara manusiawi.
5. Pengekspresian perasaan positif dan negatif.
6. Proses pemecahan masalah perawatan secara kreatif (creative problem-solving caring process)
7. Pembelajaran secara transpersonal (transpersonal teaching learning)
8. Dukungan,perlindungan dan perbaikan fisik,mental,sosial dan spiritual.
9. Bantuan kepada kebutuhan manusia (Human needs assistance)
10. Eksistensi fenomena kekuatan spiritual.
Dari kesepuluh carrative factors diatas, Caring dalam keperawatan menyangkut upaya memperlakukan klien secara manusiawi dan utuh sebagai manusia yang berbeda dari manusia lainnya (Watson,1985) ini berkenaan dengan proses yang humanitis dalam menentukan kondisi terpenuhi tidaknya kebutuhan dasar manusia dan melakukan upaya pemenuhannya melalui berbagai bentuk intervensi yang bukan hanya berupa kemampuan teknis tetapi disertai “warmth, kindness, compassion”. Watson kemudian memperkenalkan “clinical caritas process”(CCP),untuk menempatkan curative factor nya,yang berasal dari bahasa yunani “cherish”,yang berarti memberi cinta dan perhatian khusus.Jadi clinical caritas process adalah suatu praktek perawatan pasien dengan sepenuh hati kesadaran,dan cinta.

Clinical Caritas Proses
Ketika ide dan nilai yang disampaikannya telah berkembang, Watson menterjemahkan curative faktor ke dalam caritas proses. Pada caritas proses terdapat dimensi spiritual serta nilai cinta dalam proses caring. Caritas proses lebih dikenal dengan clinical caritas proses (CCP) yaitu suatu praktek perawatan pasien yang dengan sepenuh hati, kesadaran dan cinta.
Clinical Caritas Proses meliputi:
• Merawat pasien dengan penuh kesadaran,sepenuh hati dan cinta.
• Hadir secara jiwa dan raga,supportif dan mampu mengekspresikan perasaan negatif dan positif dari dasar-dasar nilai spiritual diri dalam hubunganya dengan pasien sebagai one-being-cared-for.
• Budidaya nilai spiritual dan transpersonal,melampaui diri sendiri dan supaya lebih terbuka, peka dan iba.
• Kreatif menggunakan diri dan segala cara dalam proses perawatan,secara artistik,sebagai bagian dari caring-healing-practice.
• Menciptakan lingkungan penyembuhan di semua level,fisik dan non fisik,dengan penuh kesadaran dan keseluruhan,yang memperhatikan keindahan,kenyamanan,kehormatan dan kedamaian.
• Terlibat dalam proses pengalaman belajar mengajar,yang dihadirkan sebagai kesatuan “menjadi dan berarti” (being and meaning),dan mencoba melihat dan mengacu pada kerangka berfikir orang lain.

Transpersonal caring relationship
Menurut Watson(1999),transpersonal caring relationship itu berkarakteriskkan hubungan khusus manusia yang tergantung pada:
• Moral perawat yang berkomitmen melindungi dan meningkatkan martabat manusia seperti dirinya atau lebih tinggi dari dirinya.
• Perawat merawat dengan kesadaran yang dikomunikasikan untuk melestarikan dan menghargai spiritual ,oleh karena itu tidak memperlakukan seseorang sebagai sebuah objek.
• Perawatan berkesadaran bahwa mempunyai hubungan dan potensi untuk menyembuhkan sejak, hubungan,pengalaman dan persepsi sedang berlangsung.
Hubungan ini menjelaskan bagaimana perawat telah melampaui penilain secara objektif,menunjukkan perhatian kepada subjektifitas seseorang, dan lebih mendalami situasi kesehatan diri mereka sendiri.Kesadaran perawat menjadi perhatian penting untuk keberlanjutan dan pemahaman terhadap persepsi orang lain.
Pendekatan ini menyoroti keunikan dari kedua belah pihak,yaitu perawat dan pasien,dan juga hubungan saling mneguntungkan antara dua individu,yang menjadi dasar dari suatu hubungan.Oleh karena itu,yang merawat dan yang di rawat keduanya terhubung dalam mencari makna dan kesatuan,dan mungkin mampu merasakan penderitaan pasien.
Istilah transpersonal berarti pergi keluar, diri sendiri dan memungkinkan untuk menggapai kedalaman spiritual dalam meningkatkan kenyamanan dan penyembuhan pasien.Pada akhirnya,tujuan dari transpersonal caring relationship adalah berkaitan dengan melindungi,meningkatkan dan mempertahankan martabat ,kemanusiaan,kesatuan dan keselarasan batin.

Caring Occasion/Moment
Caring Occasion menurut Watson(1988, 1999) adalah kesempatan (mengenai tempat dan waktu) pada saat perawat dan orang lain datang pada saat human caring dilaksanakan , dan dari keduanya dengan phenomena tempat yang unik mempunyai kesempatan secara bersama datang dalam moment interaksi human to human . Bagi Watson (1988 b, 1999) bidang yang luar biasa yang sesuai dengan kerangka refensi seseorang atau perasaan-perasaan yang dialami seseorang , sensasi tubuh, pikiran atau kepercayaan spiritual , tujuan-tujuan, harapan-harapan pertimbangan dari lingkungan, arti persepsi seseorang kesemuanya berdasar pada pengalaman hidup yang dialami seseorang , sekarang atau masa yang akan .
Watson (1999) menekankan bahwa perawat dalam hal ini sebagai care giver juga perlu memahami kesadaan dan kehadiranya dalam moment merawat dengan pasienya , lebih lanjut dari kedua belah pihak perawat maupun yang dirawat dapat dipengaruhi oleh perawatan dan tindakan yang dilakukan keduanya , dengan demikian akan menjadi bagian dari pengalaman hidupnya sendiri
Caring occasion bisa menjadi tranpersonal bilamana memungkinkan adanya semangat dari keduanya(perawat dan pasien) kemudian adanya kesempatan yang memungkinkan keterbukaan dan kemampuan –kemampuan untuk berkembang. (Watson 1999 , pp. 116-117)

Asumsi Teori Caring Menurut Jean Watson
Jean Watson merupakan penggagas teori yang banyak mempengaruhi pendekatan keperawatan dan meletakkan dasar humanisme pada keseluruhan aspek bidang kajian keperawatan. Konsep yang dikemukakan tentang esensi manusia dengan keutuhan dan sifat-sifat kemanusiaannya serta esensi caring menjadi fondasi bagaimana seharusnya perawat memperlakukan manusia lain (termasuk pasien/klien) dan diri sendiri.
Watson meyakini praktik caring sangatlah penting untuk keperawatan; ini adalah fokus pemersatu untuk praktik. Dua asumsi utama yang mendasari nilai perawatan manusia dalam keperawatan:
1. Care and love merupakan energi fisik dasar dan universal
2. Care dan love adalah syarat untuk kelangsungan hidup kita dan makanan untuk kemanusiaan.
Watson mengemukakan bahwa caring merupakan inti dari keperawatan. Dalam hal ini, caring merupakan perwujudan dari semua faktor yang digunakan perawat dalam memberikan pelayanan kesehatan pada klien. Kemudian, caring juga menekankan harga diri individu, artinya dalam melakukan praktik keperawatan, perawat senantiasa selalu menghargai klien dengan menerima kelebihan maupun kekurangan klien.
Watson berasumsi bahwa dalam caring tidak hanya mengandung unsur emosi, kepedulian, tingkah laku, atau keinginan tetapi juga merespon individu.
Asumsi Watson tentang caring adalah sebagai berikut:
1. Caring merupakan proses intersubjektif dan moral ideal dalam keperawatan.
2. Caring hanya dapat didemonstrasikan secara interpersonal.
yaitu hubungan yang terjadi antara perawat dengan klien, dimana perawat menunjukkan caring melalui perhatian, intervensi untuk mempertahankan kesehatan klien dan energi positif yang diberikan pada klien.
3. Caring sangat efektif untuk promosi kesehatan, pengembangan indvidu atau keluarga serta dapat meningkatkan kesehatan klien.
4. Respon caring yaitu dapat menerima individu pada masa ini dan yang akan datang.
5. Lingkungan caring merupakan perkembangan yang efektif dan memperbolehkan individu memilih tindakan terbaik untuk dirinya.
6. Caring merupakan tindakan yang melibatkan perawat-klien
yaitu peristiwa transpersonal yang mengembangkan keterbukaan. Inti dari asuhan keperawatan yang diberikan kepada klien adalah hubungan perawat-klien yang bersifat profesional dengan penekanan pada terbentuknya interaksi aktif antara perawat dan klien. Hubungan ini diharapkan dapat memfasilitasi partisipasi klien dengan memotivasi keinginan klien untuk bertanggung jawab terhadap kondisi kesehatannya.
7. Caring memiliki karakteristik yang abstrak
yaitu manusia sebagai individu yang unik. Artinya individu memliki respon yang berbeda dalam menghadapi masalah kesehatan, sehingga dalam praktik keperawatan, seorang perawat harus mampu memahami setiap respon yang berbeda dari klien terhadap penderitaan yang dialaminya dan memberikan pelayanan kesehatan yang tepat dalam setiap respon yang berbeda. Jadi dalam hal ini perawat dituntut untuk mampu menghadapi klien dalam setiap respon yang berbeda baik yang sedang maupun akan terjadi.
8. Caring memiliki kekuatan yang sensitive
yaitu kekuatan yang eksistensial, fenomenal, dan spiritual.
Jadi, dari asumsi teori caring menurut Watson di atas dapat disimpulkan bahwa caring harus diterapkan dalam setiap pelaksanaan asuhan keperawatan. Caring merupakan inti dari pelaksanaan praktik keperawatan. Sikap caring seyogyanya senantiasa dimiliki oleh perawat, karena mutu dari asuhan keperawatan ditentukan dengan adanya sikap caring yang diberikan oleh perawat terhadap pasien.



KESIMPULAN
Watson meyakini praktik caring sangatlah penting untuk keperawatan; ini adalah fokus pemersatu untuk praktik. Asumsi mendasari:
1. Care and love merupakan energi fisik dasar dan universal
2. Care dan love adalah syarat untuk kelangsungan hidup kita dan makanan untuk kemanusiaan.
Watson mengemukakan bahwa caring merupakan inti dari keperawatan. Kemudian, caring juga menekankan harga diri individu
Watson berasumsi bahwa dalam caring tidak hanya mengandung unsur emosi, kepedulian, tingkah laku, atau keinginan tetapi juga merespon individu.
Asumsi Watson tentang caring adalah sebagai berikut:
1. Caring merupakan proses intersubjektif dan moral ideal dalam keperawatan.
2. Caring hanya dapat didemonstrasikan secara interpersonal.
3. Caring sangat efektif untuk promosi kesehatan, pengembangan indvidu atau keluarga serta dapat meningkatkan kesehatan klien.
4. Respon caring yaitu dapat menerima individu pada masa ini dan yang akan datang.
5. Lingkungan caring merupakan perkembangan yang efektif dan memperbolehkan individu memilih tindakan terbaik untuk dirinya.
6. Caring merupakan tindakan yang melibatkan perawat-klien
7. Caring memiliki karakteristik yang abstrak
8. Caring memiliki kekuatan yang sensitive

DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Fiska Oktorilla Sianita. 14 December 2009. Teori Caring Menurut Watson. http://fidiahansa91.blogspot.com. 16 Feb. 2010
Anangrachyudi. 5 December 2008. Manusia Sebagai Fokus Sentral. http://anangrachyudi-indokuwaitnurse-gate.blogspot.com. 16 Feb. 2010
Rani Setiani Sujana. 29 October 2008. Caring Menurut Watson. http://mhs.blog.ui.ac.id/rani.setiani. 16 Feb. 2010
F.Sri Susilaningsih. 5 August 2008. Keperawatan,Profesi,Paradigma,Holism,Humanism,Caring. http://franciscasri.wordpress.com. 16 Feb. 2010

success that people always say. success that people dream about. success that people strive night and day.
But how to gain success that makes it difficult. To gain success is not as easy as it heard. success is not like stepping the stairs: just walk on and you are on top of it.
But success is like climbing the ladder; you need to insure that your base is safe and firm, when you walk up it needs to be steady and sure, if you want to be on the ground you must be very careful and minding, else you may fall down.

here i listed three steps to gain succes that you consider
1. safe and firm
2. steady and sure
3.careful and minding

happy is my heart, where now, i could chat and brouse the net in my cell. the world now at my hand

the mindaxe

once one of the best writers ever said "what is name meant?" i agreed at the first time i heard of. but it is no longer lasting. your name are your identity, your character, and your existence. once your name can not be found at all, you have lost all your identity, character, but most of all your existence,meant to say you are on earth only physically but without knowing your form.
GOOGLE said "make you well known all over the world by listing on blogger" but how you be known if your name can not be found on the web-search. you are not there,_ you are somewhere else; that is in sandbox, sink and sunk until unknown.
i tried to find my name but it was not there
i tried to search my address but it was mistaken
who am i?
where did i listed my name? may be it is on blackboard where someone else has unpurposely erased it.
OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOORRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRR i will ask GOOGLE SOMEDAY IF I MEET IT ON PARADISE.

Flashcards

Actions Flashcards
Actions Flashcards (Set B)
Actions Flashcards (Set C)
Adjectives Flashcards (Set A)
Adjectives Flashcards (Set B)
Adjectives Opposites Flashcards
Animals Flashcards
Body Parts Flashcards (Set A)
Body Parts Flashcards (Set B)
Body Parts Flashcards (Set C)
Christmas Flashcards
Daily Activities Flashcards (Set A)
Clothes Flashcards
Colors Flashcards (Set A)
Colors Flashcards (Set B)

idioms

idioms
formal
informal
American English idiom

British English idiom

lesson plan

lesson plan

5-7 years english lesson plan

suffixes and prefixes

Suffix List

Simple Guide to Suffixes

Free Presentations in PowerPoint format

prefixes

Inflectional suffixes

English for Baby

English for Baby
1. toy
2. ANIMAL
3. BODY
4. NATURE
5. FOOD
6. FAMILY
7. NUMBER 123
8. ALPHABET ABC
9. COLORS

Reading Comprehension

Reading Comprehension
1. Guessing the topic
2. Guessing the main idea
3. Vocabulary in context
4. inferences

NOUN

NOUN

Definition
According to http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu noun is the name of a person, place, thing, or idea. Further, Whatever exists, we assume, can be named, and that name is a noun. And according to http://www.arts.uottawa.ca noun is a word used to name a person, animal, place, thing, and abstract idea. According to me noun is a name of of things.
Example: book, mind, Alex, Ann, plane, Plant, money, one, two, beauty, police, chauffeur.

Function
According to to http://www.arts.uottawa.ca A noun can function in a sentence as a subject, a direct object, an indirect object, a subject complement, an object complement, an appositive, an adjective or an adverb.
And according to http://www.iscribe.org noun can function as a subject of a sentence, as a direct object, as an indirect object, or it may be used as the object of a preposition.
Further, http://languagestudy.suite101.com noun can be used as:
1. Subject
2. Subject complement
3. Direct object
4. Object complement
5. Indirect object
6. Prepositional complement
7. Adjective phrase complement
8. Appositive

TESTS OF NOUN
1. NOUN
2. Countable and Uncountable Nouns
3. My Favourite Things (Sound Of Music)

ADVERB

I. Write the ADVERB of the underlined adjective.

1. He talked so politely and danced so beautiful.
2. She wanted to sit quiet, to relax.
3. He plays the guitar terrible.
4. The thief crept silent across the rooftops
5. She sang loud in the bath
6. The sky quick grew dark
7. They whispered soft
8. Realism is precise what I'm looking for
9. He skipped happy down the road to school.
10. I was especial pleased to read about your award
11. Honest, it doesn't matter
12. Clear, he has no excuse for such behaviour
13. Frank, I don't care about your problems
14. Unfortunate, no refunds can be given
15. She planned their trip to Greece very careful
16. He drives the car slow
17. He grabbed the bottle and drank greedy.
18. He gentle woke the sleeping woman
19. He waited patient
20. He speaks English good.
21. The letter was scarce legible.
22. She handled the situation very capable.
23. The view was true magnificent
24. The theory has never been scientifical proved.
25. Snow fell thick on the ground.


II. REWRITE the sentence and Put the adverb in the right place.
Ex. John coughed to attract her attention. (loudly)
-> John coughed loudly to attract her attention
26. She moved and spoke quietly. (slowly)
27. The child ran towards his mother.( happily)
28. Johnny woke up because he heard a dog. (suddenly)
29. Do you sometimes get up? (early)
30. I expected that to happen. (fully)

QUESTION TAG.

I. C0MPLETE THE SENTENCE WITH QUESTION TAG.

1. Ann almost doesn't sleep,...?
2. Alex didn't go to Bandung,...?
3. Sandro and Alex don't sing a song,...?
4. Sally was eating,...?
5. Chery and I were planting some flowers,...?
6. I am not crying,...?
7. Andi is smart,...?
8. Micha and Andi are doctors,...?
9. Richee can't swim,...?
10. Rachel won't play,...?
11. Merry couldn't repair the car,...?
12. Lenny mustn't do the laundry,...?
13. I am short but slim,...?
14. She frequently fixes a car,...?
15. Philip ussually cleaned the tv,...?
16. Priyanti sent a card,...?
17. Yanti and Joko seldom carry a bag,...?
18. Mark hardly takes a vacation,...?
19. Mina and Feby created a song,...?
20. Febrin and i haven't gone,...?
21. Sherina has danced,...?
22. Jill is on the way,...?
23. Rima always submit his homework,...?
24. Narina and Rima quit singing,...?
25. I lent him money,...?
26. They...wear shirt,did they?
27. We...show them, must we?
28. Naila ... show them, does she?
29. Oloan and Riza bring handphone,...?
30. Adam was driving,...?
31. You were teacher,...?
32. She paints the wall,...?
33. It shortened the height,...?
34. I am not a super star,...?
35.Gilbert is ballroom dancer,...?

10. Modals

10.       Modals

This is the last helping verbs that i will discuss. As a conclusion helping verbs are modifier of word classes,- nouns, adjectives, adverbs, of course verbs. “Modals” modify verbs

Here are general modals that is used. I quote them from

 Here you go! Examples of Modals negative for you to do. See the first example below, then complete the sentence for practice.

- Hanphone can not cause death for virus.

- Television ....affect children growth.

-  it .......go to Japan.

- We.....sleep in the bedroom.

- You .... see the chemist.

- They .... stay in her house.

- He ...... study lazily.

- She ...... work early today.

- It ..... break your ears.

- computers ..... consume your energy.

Here are for further example. Interrogative sentence with modals. Complete the sentence.

- Can hanphone  cause death for virus?

- ....television affect children growth?

-  ......it go to Japan?

- .....we sleep in the bedroom?

-  .... you see the chemist?

- .... they stay in her house?

-  ...... he study lazily?

-  ...... she work early today?

-.... it  break your ears?

  STUDY ADVANCE

9. "did" in past tense simple

9.  "did" in past tense simple  There is no whole a lot to be discussed for this helping verbs, if you have been a guru for “do” and “does” in present simple. “did” is past tense of “do” and “does”. As it is the second form, absolutely the function is for modifying verb of past tense. “did” is used to transform positive sentence in to negative and interrogative.

e.g.:

Maria loved cat.

Mark worked in Jakarta.

Horse ate grass.

They traveled to Bali.

I and Prada made clothes.

You played game.

I taught English.

Here are practices for you. Complete the sentence by adding the helping verb.

 Ex.: Did Maria love cat?

.....horse eat bamboo?

....I and prada make bags?

....you play tennis?

....Mark work in Jakarta?

 ...they travel to Australia?

  Learn More!

8. Do/does in present simple tense

8. Do/does in present simple tense
“do” and “does” are used as a helping verb to built a negative sentence or interrogative. They are function as modifier to the verb. “do” and “does” are placed if the sentence has verb within.

e.g.:
Maria loves cat
Mark works in Jakarta
Horse eats grass
They travel to Bali
I and Prada make clothes
You play game
I teach English

Since you have learn a lot so try to construct the interrogative by following the rules from previous discussion:

Ex.: Does Maria love cat?
.....horse eat bamboo?
....I and Prada make bags?
....you play tennis?
....Mark work in Jakarta?
...they travel to Australia?

More Practice

7. “been”& “be” before perfect tense passive

7. “been”& “be” before perfect tense passive

I discuss these other helping verbs because I want to familiarize the reader with easiest discussion first.

“be” and “been” usually function as helping verb for passive sentence

“be” is really be, not a word class, where on previous discussion “be” is a class. “be” modifies verb after modals in passive sentence and also purpose.

“been” is rarely use because it is only use in perfect tense active preceding nouns, adverbs, and adjectives and perfect tense passive. “been” is participle of “be” (is, am, are, was, were).

6. Have/has, and had in perfect tense

6. Have/has, and had in perfect tense
Have/has and had are helping verbs that modify the verbs. Their function can be seen below. Have/has, and had can be also as a verb (e.g. i have a car, she has a grammar book, they had a house). If have/has and had are followed by noun, their function as” verb” but if followed by verb (past participle)- they function as “helping verb.”

I don’t include the introgative sample, since you have had the idea of making introgatif, simply see the formulas below:
Formulas for present perfect:
Postitive: subject + has/have+ verb (participle) + compliment
Negatif: subject+ has/have+ not+ verb (participle)+ compliment
Introgatif: has/have+ subject+ verb (participle) + compliment

Formulas for past perfect:
Positive: subject+ had+ verb (participle)+ compliment
Negative: subject + had+ verb (participle) + compliment
Introgative: had+ subject+ verb (participle) + compliment

Remember all these posts are dependent one another, so make sure you have learn previous post.

5. “be” in passive sentences

5. “be” in passive sentences

Maybe this discussion will be a little confusing or hard to be digested, but don't worry if you have understood about the function of “be” before continuous tense, that it wouldn’t be difficult.
Don’t ever try to forget that “ active sentence means the subjects do the action or the verb explain about what the person does; passive sentence means the subject received the action. what is subject in active sentence, now it is object in passive sentence or what is object in active sentence, now it is subject.
In passive sentence, if we include the subject we use preposition “by” to introduce the subject but remember it is now object. Look at the table below:

Present continuous tense (active)
I am buying an umbrella
He is drinking water
She is eating pizza
It is printing documents
We are making our bed
You are pushing a window
They are telling stories


Present continuous tense (passive)
an umbrella is being made by me
water is being drunk by him
pizza is being eaten by her
documents are being printed by it
our bed is being made by us
a window is being pushed by you
stories are being told by them

Past continuous tense(active)
I was buying an umbrella
He was drinking water
He was eating pizza
It was printing documents
We were making our beds
You were pushing a window
They were telling stories

Past continuous tense(passive)
an umbrella was being made by me
water was being drunk by him
pizza was being eaten
documents were being printed by it
our beds were being made by us
a window were being pushed by you
stories were being told by them

again and again, all negative sentences have their “not” after the be and the introgative sentences have their “be” before the subject . here are the formulas.

Positive: subject + be + being + past participle
Negative: subject + be + not + being + past participle
Interrogative: be + subject + being + past participle

If you have mastered above example than it is the time to go to the advance level.

Present tense active positive
Tamariza buys a box of chocolate every week.
Mardi washes his car every day.
Dog always bites a bone.
I make a lot of errors in my life.
We often spend our vacation in Bali.
They cook fried rice every month.
You eat a banana every day.

Present tense passive positive
A box of chocolate is bought every week by Tamariza.
His car is washed every day by her.
A bone is always bitten by dog.
A lot of errors are made in my life by me.
Our vacation is often spent in Bali.
Fried rice is cooked every month by them.
A banana is eaten everyday by you.

Present tense active negative
Tamariza doesn’t buy a box of chocolate every week.
Mardi doesn’t wash his car every day.
Dog doesn’t always bite a bone.
I don’t make a lot of errors in my life.
We don’t often spend our vacation in Bali.
They don’t cook fried rice every month.
You don’t eat a banana every day.

Present tense passive negative
A box of chocolate is not bought every week
His car is not washed every day by her.
A bone is not always bitten by dog.
A lot of errors are not made in my life by me.
Our vacation is not often spent in Bali.
Fried rice is not cooked every month by them.
A banana is not eaten everyday by you.

Present tense active interrogative
Does Tamariza buy a box of chocolate every week?
Does Mardi wash his car every day?
Does dog always bite a bone?
Do I make a lot of errors in my life?
Do we often spend our vacation in Bali?
Do they cook fried rice every month?
Do you eat a banana every day?

Present tense passive interrogative
Is a box of chocolate bought every week?
Is his car washed every day by her?
Is a bone always bitten by dog?
Are a lot of errors made in my life by me?
Is our vacation often spent in Bali?
Is fried rice cooked every month by them?
Is a banana eaten everyday by you?

Formula of present tense active
Positive: subject + verb(s) + obj. /adv. /complement
Negative: subject + do/does + not + obj. /adv. /complement
Interrogative: do/does + subject + obj. /adv. /complement

Formula for present tense passive
Positive: subject ( it was the object) + be + past participle + obj. /adv. /complement
Negative: subject ( it was the object) + be + not + past participle + obj. /adv. /complement
Interrogative: be + subject ( it was the object) + past participle + obj. /adv. /complement


Past tense active positive.
Tamariza bought a box of chocolate last week. .
Mardi washed his car yesterday.
Dog bit a bone.
I made a lot of errors in my life before.
We spent our vacation in Bali last year.
They cooked fried rice last month.
You ate bananas last Friday.

Past tense passive positive.

A box of chocolate was bought last week by Tamariza
His car was washed yesterday by her.
A bone was bitten by dog.
A lot of errors were made in my life before by me.
Our vacation was spent in Bali last year.
Fried rice was cooked last month by them.
Bananas were eaten last Friday by you.


Past tense active negative
Tamariza did not buy box of chocolate last week.
Mardi did not wash his car yesterday.
Dog did not bite a bone.
I did not make a lot of errors in my life before.
We did not spend our vacation in Bali last year.
They did not cook fried rice last month.
You did not eat bananas last Friday.


Past tense passive negative

A box of chocolate was not bought last week by Tamariza.
His car was not washed yesterday by her.
A bone was not bitten by dog.
A lot of errors were not made in my life before by me.
Our vacation was not spent in Bali last year.
Fried rice was not cooked last month by them.
Bananas were not eaten last Friday by you.

Past tense active interrogative
Did Tamariza buy a box of chocolate last week?
Did Mardi wash his car yesterday?
Did a dog bit a bone?
Did I make a lot of errors in my life before?
Did we spend our vacation in Bali last year?
Did They cook fried rice last month?
Did you eat bananas last Friday?


Past tense passive interrogative
Was a box of chocolate bought last week by Tamariza?
Was his car washed yesterday by her?
Was a bone bitten by dog?
Were a lot of errors made in my life before by me?
Was our vacation spent in Bali last year?
Was Fried rice cooked last month by them?
Were bananas eaten last Friday by you?

Formulas of past tense active
Positive: subject + past verb(V II) + obj. /adv. /complement
Negative: subject + did + not + verb word (V I) + obj. /adv. /complement
Interrogative: did + subject + obj. /adv. /complement

formulas past tense passive
Positive: subject + be + past participle + obj. /adv. /complement
Negative: subject + be + not + past participle + obj. /adv. /complement
Interrogative: be + subject + past participle + obj. /adv. /complement

4. “be” in continuous tense.

4. “be” in continuous tense.
I guess you have mastered “be” (is, am, are) for simple present tense and now we will study two another “be’s” they are “was and were” for past tense.
“ continuous tense” is also called progressive tense for their function which is telling an activity that is happening now or going on activity. Further discussion will be posted later.
Don’t even try to forget that we are now talking about activity, event, occurance and so on you can name it, so we use “verb” in our sentence or our sentence contains “verb”. I should say you focus on on the verb and the “be”
Present tense
I am sleeping
He is drinking
She is eating
It is working
We are swimming
You are dancing
They are going

Past tense
I was sleeping
He was drinking
She was eating
It was working
We were swimming
You were dancing
They were going

For your information, again, you can change the positive sentences in to negative or interrogative by following these formulas.
Positive: subject + be + verb ing
Negative: subject + be + not + verb ing
Interrogative: be + subject + verb ing

I just write simply “be”. Remember “is, am, and are” are “be” so are “was and were” it just depend on the tenses, if present progressive you use the first and past progressive is the later. Look at the above example.

compare the use of be here with the use of "be" before adverb.

3. be” preceding adverbs

3. be” preceding adverbs
we have discussed about "be" before adjectives now we are studying about Adverb.
Usually Adverb is a combination of preposition and noun (e.g. at school, on a table; to church) but the adverb can be stand alone (e.g. church, table, and school) , keep in mind that a word may has various kinds of attributes or classes, such as “love” can be either as noun or verb. Deep discussion about adverb will be discussed later.
Again, keep in mind that “be” is used in a sentence because it doesn’t have any verb inside. If there is we can’t use be (e.g. keep in mind; “in mind” is an adverb and “keep” is a verb, so we can’t use “be”
Present tense
I am at the store.
He is on the motor cycle.
She is near the mall
It is Tuesday
We are in the house
You are next to the pool.
They are behind the door.

Past tense
I was at the store.
He was on the motor cycle.
She was near the mall.
It was Tuesday.
We were in the house.
You were next to the pool.
They were are behind the door.

Since i have given you example of negative sentence on previous discussion, so now, you can try it your self. And also for the interrogative. As a clue just simply add “not” after “be” for the negative and CHANGE the position between “subject” and “be” for the interrogative. Or see the formulas below.

The formulas are:
Positive: subject + be + adverb
Negative: subject + be + not + adverb
Interrogative: be + subject + adverb

2. “be” precedding adjectives

2.      “be” precedding adjectives

Now, since simple sentence that doesn’t have any verb, we need to put “be” as the verb. That is why “be”  is called as helping verb.

 Present tense                                                                             

I am hungry.                                                                           

He is fat.                                                                                
She is pretty.                                                                          
It is clean.                                                                                .
We are happy.                                                                        

You are clever.                                                                       
They are upset.                                                                         

Past tense

I was hungry.
He was fat.

She was pretty.

It was clean

We were happy.

You were clever.

They were upset.

All negative sentences, just simply added “not” after the helping verbs. Fur further explanation look at my explanation entitled “be”

Present tense                                                                     
I am not hungy                                                               

It is not clean                                                                  

You are not clever                                                            .

Past tense

I was not hungry

It was not clean

You were not clever

If you are smart enough, you will see that all introgatif sentences have their helping verb infront or before subject.

Present tense                                                                        

Is he fat?                                                                          

Are we happy?                                                                   

Past tense

Was he fat?

were we happy?

The formulas are:

Positif:                       subject        +          be             +                             adjective

Negatif:                     subject        +          be             +         not      +      adjective

Interogatif:                  be             +       subject         +                             adjective